The underlying abstractions of mathematics, logic and complex systems analysis can exist in a sense parallel to (and separate from) the material instances of the entities and processes whose properties and relationships they describe. Ontological questions concerning the necessary existence or contingent expedience of mathematical objects are largely peripheral to negotiating solutions and for understanding actual real-world problems and solutions.
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Abstractions from Reality
Abstractions are quite happy to exist alongside reality without challenging its ontological primacy in an way…